W. E. B. Du Bois

''William Edward Burghardt Du Bois'' ( 'doo-BOYSS)'<ref name=GRC></ref> (February 23, 1868 August 27, 1963) was an American civil rights activist, public intellectual, Pan-Africanist, professor of sociology, historian, writer, and editor. At the age of 95, in 1963, he became a naturalized citizen of Ghana.<ref name=obit/> David Levering Lewis, a biographer, wrote, "In the course of his long, turbulent career, W. E. B. Du Bois attempted virtually every possible solution to the problem of twentieth-century racism¯¯¯ scholarship, propaganda, integration, national self-determination, human rights, cultural and economic separatism, politics, international communism, expatriation, third world solidarity."<ref>'W. E. B. Du Bois: The Fight for Equality and the American Century 1919-1963'</ref> In 2002, scholar Molefi Kete Asante listed W. E. B. Du Bois on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans.<ref>Asante, Molefi Kete (2002). 100 Greatest African Americans: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Amherst, New York. Prometheus Books. ISBN 1-57392-963-8.</ref>